Financial development, political instability and growth: evidence for Brazil since 1870

This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.What are the main macroeconomic factors that help understand economic growth in Brazil since 1870? Are institutions (and changes in institutions) a deep cause of economic growth in Brazil? Are these effects fundamentally and systematically different? Does the intensity and the direction (the sign) of these effects vary over time, in general and, in particular, do they vary with respect to short- versus long-run considerations? This thesis tries to answer these questions focusing on within country over long periods of time. It uses the power-ARCH (PARCH) econometric framework with annual time series from 1870 to 2003. The results suggest that financial development (domestic and international) exhibit the most robust first-order effects on growth and its volatility. Political instability, trade openness and public deficit play important yet secondary roles since the effects of the first two do not extent to the long-run (that is, they are restricted to the short-run) and those off the latter are sensitive to the measures of the variables used in our analysis

Existence and Iteration of Positive Solutions for One-Dimensional p-Laplacian Boundary Value Problems with Dependence on the First-Order Derivative

This paper deals with the existence and iteration of positive solutions for the following one-dimensional p-Laplacian boundary value problems: (Õp(u′(t)))′+a(t)f(t,u(t),u′(t))=0, t∈(0,1), subject to some boundary conditions. By making use of monotone iterative technique, not only we obtain the existence of positive solutions for the problems, but also we establish iterative schemes for approximating the solutions

Nontrivial Solutions for Asymmetric Kirchhoff Type Problems

We consider a class of particular Kirchhoff type problems with a right-hand side nonlinearity which exhibits an asymmetric growth at +∞ and −∞ in ℝN(N=2,3). Namely, it is 4-linear at −∞ and 4-superlinear at +∞. However, it need not satisfy the Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition on the positive semiaxis. Some existence results for nontrivial solution are established by combining Mountain Pass Theorem and a variant version of Mountain Pass Theorem with Moser-Trudinger inequality

Infinitely many solutions for the p-fractional Kirchhoff equations with electromagnetic fields and critical nonlinearity

In this paper, we consider the fractional Kirchhoff equations with electromagnetic fields and critical nonlinearity. By means of the concentration-compactness principle in fractional Sobolev space and the Kajikiya's new version of the symmetric mountain pass lemma, we obtain the existence of infinitely many solutions, which tend to zero for suitable positive parameters

Multiplicity of solutions for quasilinear elliptic equations with critical exponential growth

In this paper we consider a system of N-Laplacian elliptic equa- tions with critical exponential growth. The existence and multiplicity re- sults of solutions are obtained by a limit index method and Trudinger- Moser inequality